HOW TO WRITE A FAIRY TALE

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HOW TO WRITE A FAIRY TALE
To help students plan for writing of narratives, model, focusing on: 

1. Plot:What is going to happen?
2. Setting:Where will the story take place? When will the story take place? 
3. Characterisation:Who are the main characters? What do they look like? 
4. Structure:How will the story begin? What will be the problem? How is the problem going to be resolved? 
5. Theme:What is the theme / message the writer is attempting to communicate?

Step1: THE MORAL LESSON
          Decide what lesson your fairytale is going to teach before you write it. At their core fairy tales are morality tales from the horror of stepmothers to not talking to strangers. They are generally teaching something and yours should do the same.

Step2: THE GOOD CHARACTER
         Create a good character. A fairytale needs someone to root for. They don't have to be perfect. Just think Jack in "Jack and the Beanstalk" or Red in "Little Red Riding Hood" but your readers should like them and want them to succeed. Beause of the universal character of fairy tales, characters are often nameless: "the youngest son"… You can also use self-explanatory names like Cinderella, or frequent ones: Hans, Ivan)
The typical hero/heroine is young; in the beginning often poor, all alone, unhappy, humble, simple, naïve, untainted (can recognize wonder signs), believes in the miraculous & reveres nature. (S)he wants to keep the process of natural change flowing & reach happiness. At the end: respected, powerful, has found happiness

Step3: THE BADDIES
         Devise one or more enemies: evil characters, like witches or dragons. A fairytale must have an evil character that works as an antagonist to the good character. The evil characters usually have special powers of some sort and they must use those powers in a way to cause the good character pain. 

1. use words & power to exploit, control, transfix, incarcerate,and destroy, intentionally for personal benefit 
2. No respect or consideration for nature & other humans 
3. Seek to abuse magic (for personal gain)

Step4: THE SUPPORTING ROLES
You will need a number of other fairytale characters: 

1. task-setter, e.g. a king
2. talking animals or other accomplices 
3. adversaries like evil stepsisters, elder brothers 
4. the character that the hero has to save and release from a spell

Step5: THE MAGIC
         Design a magical character or object to write into the fairy tale. The magical character can be the evil character but many fairy tales have both good and evil magical characters that work to offset the other's influence. The true essence of a fairy tale comes in the pixie dust and magic wands. Clever songs about magical words are optional, but some sort of magic should be present. The magic can be good or bad, or maybe even both. The main character can have magical abilities or perhaps be the victim of some sort of bad spell. It’s up to you.
          Don’t forget your numbers: Use the special numbers Three or Seven : Like magic, fairy tales wouldn’t be the same without special numbers. There were seven dwarves, three fairy godmothers, seven mermaid sisters and three little pigs. Three wishes or tests are very common, too. Find a way to work in three or seven of something and you’ll be set.

Step6: THE OBSTACLES OR TASKS
         Identify what obstacles your good character is going to have to face. Whatever the obstacle it should seem insurmountable and genuinely require a bit of creativity by your good character and a little magical assistance. The basic structure of a fairy tale:
A hero or heroine performs one or more tasks and is rewarded as a result. Which tasks? adventures, the overcoming of dangers, "impossible" tasks, battle against the baddy/against powerful creatures; rescue, release of a spellbound character means to overcome obstacles: 

1. own qualities: courage, cunning, goodness
2. timely intervention of an accomplice with magical powers, 
3. a magic object which helps.

Step7: THE HAPPY ENDING
          Write a happy ending. A fairytale isn't a fairytale unless it has a happy ending. Your good character must succeed and your evil character must lose and lose in a big way so you can write your "happily ever after."
- triumph of the goody and defeat of the baddy
- typical rewards: gets married to the prince / princess About 99.9% of fairy tales start with “Once upon a time,” and end with, “And they lived happily ever after.” The exact origins of these phrases are unknown, but if your story wants to look the part, it should probably include these phrases or very close approximations of them.

Step8: THE SETTING
       Decide on the setting of your story. The setting is important. The majority of fairy tales are timeless. They are set “long ago” or “once upon a time” among royalty or in a palace. There really is something magical about castles and royals; otherwise little girls wouldn’t all grow up wanting to be the princess! Often there is “a wood” in them.

Step9: IMPORTANT ELEMENTS
-  clear contrast between good and evil
-  often good and bad behaviour immediately after each other
-  often repitition: twice wrongly, once differently dealt with
-  so often groups of two or three: good and evil sisters - first, second, third son
-  also set phrases / sayings are often repeated

Step10: MIND YOUR LANGUAGE
-  Action verbs : Action verbs provide interest to the writing.
For example, instead of The old woman was in his way try The old woman barred his path.Instead of She laughed try She cackled.
-  Written in the first person (I, we) or the third person (he, she, they).
-  Usually past tense.
-  Connectives,linking words to do with time.
-  Specific  : Strong nouns have more specific meanings, eg. oak as opposed to tree.
-  Active nouns: Make nouns actually do something, eg. It was rainingcould become Rain splashed downor There was a large cabinet in the loungecould become A large cabinet seemed to fill the lounge.
-  Careful use of adjectives and adverbs: Writing needs judicious use of adjectives and adverbs to bring it alive, qualify the action and provide description and information for the reader.
-  Use of the senses: Where appropriate, the senses can be used to describe and develop the experiences, setting and character: What does it smell like? What can be heard? What can be seen - details? What does it taste like? What does it feel like?
-  Use Imagery
-  A direct comparison, using like or as or as though, eg. The sea looked as rumpled as a blue quilted dressing gown. Or The wind wrapped me up like a cloak.
-  An indirect or hidden comparison, eg. She has a heart of stone or He is a stubborn mule
or The man barked out the instructions.
-  A suggestion of sound through words, eg. crackle, splat, ooze, squish, boom,eg. The tyres whir on the road. The pitter-patter of soft rain. The mud oozed and squished through my toes.
-  Giving nonliving things (inanimate) living characteristics, eg. The steel beam clenched its muscles. Clouds limped across the sky. The pebbles on the path were grey with grief.
-  Rhetorical Questions: Often the author asks the audience questions, knowing of course there will be no direct answer. This is a way of involving the reader in the story at the outset, eg. Have you ever built a tree hut?
-  Variety in sentence beginnings. There are a several ways to do this eg by using:
-  "Jumping with joy I ran home to tell mum my good news."
-  "Silently the cat crept toward the bird"
-  "Brilliant sunlight shone through the window"
-  "Thunder claps filled the air"
-  "Along the street walked the girl as if she had not a care in the world." Conversations/Dialogue: these may be used as an opener. This may be done through a series of short or one-word sentences or as one long complex sentence.
-  Students have heard the rule "show, don't tell" but this principle is often difficult for some writers to master.
-  It may be described as writing which is honest and convincing. The author is able to 'put the reader there'. The writer invests something of him/her self in the writing. The writing makes an impact on the reader. It reaches out and touches the reader. A connection is made.

Step11: USE POWERFUL TECHNIQUE: 

• Alliteration:
• Repetition of CONSONANTS close together in a piece of writing. Ex: "Cups with cracks." 
• Rhyme: 
• Repetition of VOWELS close together in writing. Ex: "I'd prefer having a cat than a bat." 
• Irony: 

A comparison of what seems to be real and what is real or something that's the opposite of being said. Ex: "It was raining outside. 'What a beautiful day,' Amira said." 

• Hyperboles: 

An obvious exaggeration that the reader knows not to takes litterally. Ex: "My town is so isolated, it makes ghost towns look popular." 

• Similies: 
• A comparison between two unlike this using like, as than, etc. Ex: "This class is like a three ring circus!" 
• Mood: 

A state of mind in which one emotion temporarily has control. Do this by describing things according to that mood. Ex: "The sky was full of fluffy pillows of happiness." 

• Metaphor: 

           A comparison between two unlike things by saying one is the other. Ex: "She is a flower." 

• Repetition 

Reference :

Marion Field.2009. Improve your Written English. Howtobook.Ltd. United Kingdom

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