Monday, 1 December 2014

English Vocabulary



 ENGLISH VOCABULARY.

A, a


arena
          the bulls are on the arena, pit
          =los toros están en el ruedo.
          political arena



assess
          =value
          to assess sth at sth= the value of the property was assessed at…

awry /a`rai/- torcido.
his hat/tie was awry-llevaba el/la sombrero torcido/-a.
          her clothes were all awry-llevaba la ropa mal puesta.
          to go awry-salir mal, fracasar.
          our plans went hopelessly awry- nuestros planos fracasaron rotundamente.
The company is a vivid symbol of what’s gone awry with the economy.


B, b

Bags under the eyes
ojeras

be-
to be biased against / towards sth / sb- estar presdispuesto / en contra/ a favor de algo/algn
to be devoted to- fiel, amoroso, devoto
to be far and away the best-con mucho el mejor.
          to be the best by far-con mucho el mejor.
          to be by far the best-con mucho el mejor.
to be over the moon- to be very happy
to be relief= aliviarse de algo, =to have a weight lifted from someone’s mind


Bear

To bear the brunt = to take the strain-aguantar lo recio de= llevar el peso de = afrontar la tensión.

 

 


-Bore-pesado.
          This is becoming tedious-esto se hace pesado.
          He’s a terribly dull sort- es una persona de lo más pesada.
          He’s a person of the most boring kind
          That chap gets on my nerves-ése me cae pesado.
          It’s such a bore having to- es pesado tener que
          It’s tough having to- es pesado tener que
          He’s such a bore-es un pesado.
          What a bore he is!- ¡qué hombre más pesado!
         

breed-bred-bred. (animals)-criar.(vt) =raise, educate
          The country breeds good athletes-el país produce
 buenos atletas.
I’m a Londoner born and bred-nací y me crié en Londres.
We breed them tough in these parts- los hacemos machotes
por aquí.
Are men really bred for promiscuity, while women seek a stable
 provider?
breed(vi)-reproduce, surguir, generarse(despair/violence)


         
brink-
          to be on the brink of resigning- estar a punto de dimitir=on the verge
 of=being about to...

bulk-
          the bulk of sth(documents, etc.)-la mayor parte de algo.



bull
Time to inspect your platoon not so much for bull well-being.(In the Army)  bull = harsh discipline


Bump into- meet by accident.






bylaw-
          Company regulation = norma
The airport authority bylaw- el reglamento del aeropuerto.
Local, municipal law- ordenanza municipal.


C,  c

Cloze text-
the exercise of supplying a word that has been omitted from a passage as a test of readability or comprehension -- CLOSURE

cripple-invalid, paralytic, paraplegic.
          he crippled for life now.


change
To flit from one thing to the next = to change things all the time.


cheek-
          to say sth (with) tongue in cheek-decir algo medio burlándose o
 medio en serio.
the film was supposed to be tongue in cheek-se suponía que la
 película no iba del todo en serio.
tongue-in-cheek comments-comentarios irónicos.



contener, aguantar
contain
                   hold
                   staunch
                   =a staunch supporter = un aficionado acérrimo
                   =to staunch the bleeding = you stop bleeding

Complejos-

          to have a complex-
                   = tener complejos.


conceal
          =hide, (emotions), disimular.



counterpoise
=(formal) counterbalance= contrapeso, equilibrio.



D,  d

damage, raids, ravages
                =Destrozos, atracos, desperfectos

dare-
          I dare say I know the reason why
=me atrevo a decir que sé el porqué
He dared tell her he’d heard the name “Potter”
And don’t you dare let it burn.
=Y no te atrevas a dejar que se queme.
Her lips tightened as they always did if he dared to ask a question.
=sus labios se fruncían como siempre lo hacían cuando él se atrevía a hacer  una pregunta.


deem
=consider to be


deploy-
          = destacar, desplegar, poner al frente, poner en vanguardia.


deserve
=merecerse
Meanwhile there is someone deserves a good thrashing on court, very well beaten.
          They got what they deserved
=Se llevaron su merecido
They deserved better of us all.
=merecían que los tratásemos mejor.


devil
to be between the devil and the deep blue sea-estar entre la espada y la pared.
Better the devil we know- vale más lo bueno conocido que lo bueno por conocer.
Talk of the devil-¡hablando del ruin de Roma por la puerta se asoma!
The speaking of the devil-hablando del rey de Roma por la puerta se asoma.


diana-
          (Military) reveille
          to get a bull’s eye = dar en la diana, hacer diana.
          Center (game)- dartboard.


do-
          I’ll do my very best to make contact-haré todo lo que pueda para
 contactar.
to forge someone to be at one’s best-


drawback-
= disavantage, inconveniente, desventaja.
drawback of /to.



E,  e
eligible- adj
to be eligible for sth tener derecho a algo *to be eligible to do sth reunir los requisitos para hacer algo *an eligible bachelor un soltero cotizado
          eligibility n elegibilidad:eligibility for a pension



embryo
          =embrión
          to be at the embryo stage = estar en un estado embrionario.
          in embryo= en embrión.



æ Ә ә  ð ŋ  Ө     U З Ө כ  ס ∫ Λ   

I

 
 


energy-

          Full of joys of Spring- with extra energy


endeavour (vb)
          =esforzarse, to made the effort to.


envisage- /m’vIzIdZ/
          =prever, imaginarse, concebir
          an envisaged language as a series of…una lengua concebida como

F,  f

face-
You’re pulling faces- hacer caretos



fail-
          It never fails to amaze me- nunca deja de  sorprenderme.


feat-
quite a feat-todo un logro.


Feel like-

 Fancy,  dig---dug (pp, cavar excavar)

          I don’t dig jazz- no me gusta el jazz
          Dig this!=!mira esto!
          To dig deeper into a subject- ahondar en un tema.
          To dig into a meal-empezar a zamparse una comida.
To dig up (facts, infor.) sacar a luz=every time anyone writes anything about me they’ll dig up these photos.


flaw(n)-defecto.
flawless(adj.)-impecable, sin defectos.
           she speaks flawless German=habla alemán a la perfección.
if you’re flawless, then you’ll win my love=si no tienes defectos
 consigirás mi amor.


fond- keen, enthusiasm.
          to become fond of someone- tomarle cariño a alguien.
          to be fond of someone- tenerle cariño a alguien.
          I am fond of brunettes- me gustan las morenas.
          fond(adj.)- cariñoso, afectuoso.
          keen(adj.) enthusiastic(zest=enthusiasm)
          to be keen on that girl-me gusta esta chica.
          to have a keen appetite- tener buen apetito.
          try to seem keen- intenta demostrar un poco de entusiasmo.
          to be well up on sth- ser muy entendido en.




fritter away-
          =desperdiciar, disipar.
          a fritter =buñuelo
          I’m going to the pool, to fritter away the day.


full of
          brimming         =rebosar, desbordar
crammed          =llenar hasta arriba, abarrotar
crowded             =abarrotado, lleno, de bote en bote, apiñado
chock-a-block     =
filled with
          full to a capacity
          overflowing
jam-packed        =lleno de gente
packed with       =apiñado, abarrotado, lleno de gente, denso, empaquetado, empacado,
replete
stuffed with        =relleno, atiborrado, tupido, embutido
teeming with
to the top with

G ,  g

Gleaming-=reluciente           


go-
          It goes without saying that…
          >French: Ça va sans dire que…


grieve-afligirse, apenarse, lamentar.


grip= contact.
he has lost his grip on reality-ha perdido contacto con la realidad.
she’s losing her grip  on the situation- está perdiendo el control de la situación.



gripe /graIp/ vi
gripe about sth/sb to complain in a non-stop, quejarse
gripe n (coloq)
1 a gripe- queja
2 to have a gripe (about/against sth/sb) tener quejas (de/contra algo/algn)
3 cólico: gripe water= medicina para los cólicos infantiles



grudge-
          to bear somebody a grudge-tener rencor de alguien.
          Jimmy is holding a grudge against the teacher.



H,  h

Hallmark
= (n.) sello, distintivo.
          (vb.) contrastar (con un sello)        
e.g. The explosion bore all the hallmarks of a terrorist attack
= la explosión tenía todas las características de un ataque terrorista.






hark-(only in imperative)=listen!
          hark! I hear a nightingale singing-¡escucha! oigo cantar un ruiseñor.
          hark who’s talking!- ¡mira quién habla!
          hark at him!- ¡habráse visto!
hark back- tener su origen, evocar a, remontar.
          this custom harks back to the 18thc- esta costumbre tiene su origen
 en el siglo XVIII.
their manifesto harks back to populist traditions- su plataforma
 evoca tradiciones populistas.
he’s constantly harking back to those days-siempre está
 rememorando aquellos tiempos.
A despotic ruler’s autocratic regime harks back to the days of the
 U.S.S.R.



HAVE
To have second thoughts = to think twice about something.
Daniel told Edith that he was having second thoughts about his engagement to Annick.



Hike-long way=caminata.
          It’s a bit of a hike to the station- hay un buen trecho hasta la estación.
          We went on a 20-mile hike-hicimos una caminata de 20 millas.
Hike up-pull up.
          She hiked her skirt up-se levantó o se subió la falda.
Hiker- excusionista, caminante.
Hiking- excursionismo.


Hindsight-
=retrospectiva, posteriori, con la sabiduría de la experiencia.


hitherto- hasta ahora, hasta la fecha.

hobnob-
to hobnob with someone-codearse (tratar con)




Joking-
Leading the garden path- to fool someone


L,l


leaf-hoja(trees)
to turn over a new leaf- to completly change one’s behaviour
 or view for the better i.e. to improve oneself and start again.
you must turn over a leaf-study a lot for example- borrón y cuenta          nueva.
to shake or tremble like a leaf- to shake/tremble with cold or fear.
to take a leaf out of sb’s book- seguir el ejemplo de alguien.
to leaf through-hojear.
a leaflet- un folleto.

Leave-taking
          =despedida


luck-
          I am in luck- estoy de suerte.
          I am out of luck-no estoy de suerte.
          Third time lucky- a la tercera va la vencida.


M, m

master
          = (vb.) dominar, controlar, vencer.


O,  o

outset-
          from the outset = desde el principio / comienzo / de entrada.
          I’d like to emphasize from the outset that the concept of...
She got married at the outset of her career.
          =se casó cuando su carrera estaba empezando.




P,  p

Paperback-

= Libro de bolsillo

         

         
pinpoint-
          It’s difficult to pinpoint the exact moment when... es dificil precisar
 exactamente en qué momento...
to pinpoint the causes/orings of the problem...establecer con
 exactitud cuáles son las causas/los orígenes del problema...

point(less)
=inútil.
There’s no point in feeling sorry for yourself-
=no sirve de nada compadecerse.
          Nothing is any use= todo es inútil.
          not useful=futile, fruitless, impractical, vain, useless, purposeless.
          There is nothing good in + ing.
          It’s no good +ing.
Not to be worth a tinker’s damn/cuss(Collq E)= no valer nada.


positive-hopeful side.
          look on the hopeful side= mira el lado positivo.


prick-
          it pricked his conscience- le remordio la conciencia
          prick up one’s ears- aguzar el oído.


Public Entrance Examination-
State Examinations
=Oposiciones


Q,q

quack-
          =(n.)(coloq, pey.) curandero,-a.
          =(n.)charlatan
          =(vb.) hacer cua-cua (duck)


queer-
=odd, strange, weird.
          it was a queer thing about...



S,  s

sceptical , skeptical(AmL) /’skeptIk«l/
          =escéptico,a


shout-
=yell
          she yelped wild with joy(yell=shout=scream)



shrink-shrank-shrunk-
=encojerse, disminish in size.
          the blouse shrank in the wash- la blusa se encogió al lavarla.
          pre-shrunk cotton-algodón pre-lavado (encogido)


shun-
=rechazar, rehuir, evitar.
          She felt shunned by her colleages-se sentía rechazada por sus colegas.

Sign, net=covertura del mobil.

sleep-to have a doze-echar una cabezada.
          you look shattered- yes, no sleep last night-pareces estar hecho polvo...
          he used to take a nap after lunch, before going back to the office.
          I didn’t get a wink of sleep all night-no pegué ojo en toda la noche.
He was bleary-eyed and unsteady on his feet-  con cara de sueño(ojeroso) y caminaba con paso vacilante o inseguro.
She felt unsteady after her first drink- se sintió mareada después de la 1ª   copa.
I need to grab a couple of hours of sleep-
He was still bleary-eyed from sleep- todavía tenía cara de sueño.
I feel a bit bleary- estoy medio adormilado.

Soothe-
          Tranquilizar, calmar, (pain) aliviar
          =to ease the pain a bit
         
sport-
amusement, diversion, fun.
          it was all done in sport-fue todo en broma.
          come on, be a sport and lend it to us- anda, sé bueno y  préstanoslo-
 to be understanding.
make a sport of -make fun of/a fool of=ridicule.


straw-
          the last straw-la gota que colma el baso.



stumble
-stumbled=blunder, falter, stammer, stutter; tropezar against
obstacle-trip and lose one’s balance.
stumble through one’s speech- decir torpemente un discurso.


sue
(vb.)-demandar.

things aren’t what used to be-las cosas ya no son lo que eran.



Thrashing-
=beating =paliza
          to give somebody a thrashing= darle una paliza a alguien.
          to get a thrashing= llevarse una paliza




time-
          the new factory must be finished in time as the profitability of the
 company depends on it- a tiempo y con tiempo de margen.
on time- a tiempo con el tiempo justo.
for a time- durante un tiempo - you don’t finish for a time.
at time-
third time lucky- a la tercera la vencida.
Time stretches- fixed periods of time.

Tired of-
To be done in =estar agotado or reventado:I’m done in=all in=competly exhausted
Weary of = tired of; tedious=boring
I’m sick of doing it=estoy cansado de hacerlo.
Hacked=fed up

Trigger-provoke

Twitch /twIt∫/ n
derecho a recibir una pension
1 movimiento repentino, contraer(muscle), contracción
2 (involuntario) tic
3 (jalon) tiron
twitch vt, vi
1 crispar(se), moverse (nerviosamente)
2 twitch at sth dar un tiron a algo:The wind twitched the paper out of my hand. El viento me arrebato el periodico de las manos.
twitchy adj (-ier, -iest) nervioso, inquieto






V,


·        vacuum

(Physics) vacío
vacuum brake                 =freno, de vacío
vacuum packaging         =envasado al vacío
vacuum pump                =bomba neumática

(void) vacío
Our community does not exist in a vacuum=nuestra comunidad no vive aislada (del resto del mundo)
A power vacuum =un vacío de poder



valga
          valga la expresión
          =for want / lack of a better expression
          valga la comparación
          =if you see / know what I mean



W,w

 

Walnut(adj)-de nogal



 

Walk-

          Swan around- walk slowly without doing anything
          Hang around-rondar, andar por ahí sin hacer nada

I don’t like the people you hang around with- no me gusta la gente con la que andas

Mosty they just hang around outstreet corners- pasan la mayor parte del tiempo en la calle, holgazaneando
I had to go all over place to find it- para encontrarlo tuve que dar más vueltas que una noria.



Wander-
Close your eyes, count up to 10 and let your mind wander
= pon la mente en blanco



Waterwheel- Molino de agua
          windmill- molino de viento


whirl
vt hacer girar
          vt whirl sb off llevar a toda velocidad a algn
vi girar:leaves whirling in the air hojas revoloteando en el aire
vi (fig) dar vueltas:My head is whirling. Me da vueltas la cabeza.
a whirl
(n.)giro, rotación
remolino:a whirl of dust un remolino de polvo
(fig) torbellino:the social whirl el torbellino social

LOC

(to be) in a whirl (of sth):They left in a whirl of excitement. Se fueron sumidos en un mar de confusiones.
My mind is in a whirl. Me da vueltas la cabeza.
to give sth a whirl (coloq) probar algo





word-
          I give you my word-  te doy mi palabra.

yank-
=retirar, tirar, quitar.

yield
=conceder, producir, dar la razón.

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